Services

The load flow study examines equipment loading, the electric losses, and the voltage profile of the system to identify correct equipment sizes, tap settings, and ranges. We run load flow simulations under various operational scenarios, e.g., normal and emergency conditions. We also explore corrective action, including adding reactive power compensation equipment for situations not meeting standard criteria.

A short circuit study determines the fault levels and ensures that the selected equipment can safely interrupt any short circuit that may occur on the system. We calculate fault current components, e.g., peak and symmetrical current experienced by equipment.

Protection coordination study orchestrates protection devices, ensuring that should a fault occur, only faulty equipment is removed from service, and the healthy equipment is kept online. We simulate faults on various points within the system and confirm the protection devices’ setting parameters, operating sequence, and trip times.

Arc Flash study is a risk assessment of a workplace environment that determines Arc Flash hazards. We assess arc flash levels to ensure that a company understands the risks of their work to their team and how to protect against them, e.g., with remote operation or suitable PPE.

Cable sizing calculation determines the rating of a cable in terms of ampacity, fault level, and voltage drop under the installation condition at the site. We size everything from LV to 400kV cables and their associated Sheath Voltage Limiters (SVLs).

Sizing calculation ensures that equipment size is optimized based on several design requirements, including equipment load and duty cycle, fault levels, ambient temperature, and design life. We deliver sizing calculations for power and instrument transformers, switchgear, generators, batteries, and chargers.

The Transformer inrush study assesses voltage issues when connecting transformers to the system. We develop detailed electromagnetic models to determine the voltage issues against the system limits. We also explore various mitigation techniques to protect the system, e.g., Pre-Insertion Resistors (PIRs) and Point-on-Wave (POW) controlled switching devices.

A harmonic study assesses individual levels of harmonic distortion and the system’s total harmonic distortion (THD). We use different techniques to compare the distortion levels against the limits and identify any resonance point in the system through a comprehensive frequency scan.

Transient and Dynamic stability study assesses voltage and frequency stability margins during faults, loss of main supplies, generation, and load acceptance and rejection. We typically perform the analysis for embedded generators and island power systems. We also explore the effectiveness of mitigation measures, e.g., load-shedding systems and unit protection schemes, to improve stability margins.

A fault ride-through study assesses generating units’ active and reactive power response during and after voltage dips and power system faults. We develop detailed dynamic models of conventional or renewable generating units to ensure they perform within the criteria of the transmission or distribution entity.

A grid code compliance study assesses the dynamic behaviour of conventional and renewable energy units or demands projects against the interconnection criteria or grid codes developed by system operators in different jurisdictions. We create a detailed dynamic model of the proposed generation or new demand project to ensure they will not negatively impact the reliability performance of the power system. We assess various grid code requirements, including Fault Ride-Through (FRT), Voltage Support, Active Power Control, Reactive Power Capability, and Frequency Response.

The insulation coordination study verifies that the selected power system equipment satisfies the performance criteria required for temporary-, switching- and lightning-overvoltages. We use the best practices to choose surge arresters and equipment with dielectric strength concerning the operating voltages and overvoltages that may occur in the system.

Earthing study ensures the system’s safe operation and protects the site and nearby livestock against electric shock. We undertake earthing studies to IEEE-80 and BS EN 50522 to calculate Earth Potential Rise (EPR) and the associated touch and step voltages, which are vital to ensure site safety. Being a Certified Level 1 user of the industry standard CDEGS software package, we carry out sophisticated earthing designs for more significant sites and meet the stringent requirements of utility companies.

Lightning protection and risk assessment studies are critical in protecting human life and property against direct and indirect damages due to high-intensity lightning strikes. We deliver designs and calculations to ensure the damages are controlled and prevented by providing a low-resistance path to discharge lightning energy, reducing the risk of fire or other damage.